What Is an Isolation Transformer?
Switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) rely on transformers to step the voltage up or down to meet downstream power demands. Conventional transformers use a direct electrical connection, which can cause noise, surges, or electric shock. Isolation transformers mitigate these risks, providing secure and reliable step-up or step-down functionality while isolating the primary circuit. This reduces transient signals and high-frequency noise.
With an isolation transformer, the ground side of a probe can be connected anywhere along the primary circuit. Thus, the ground reference is placed wherever the ground clip is connected, eliminating the risk of shorting.
This isolation capability makes isolation transformers helpful in identifying and correcting ground loops when multiple devices with their own ground returns are connected.